Using public Internet, especially in places like cafés, airports, or hotels, may seem convenient, but it also exposes you to considerable risks. Here are the main threats related to using public Internet and some tips to protect yourself.
1. Public Wi-Fi networks: a target for hackers
Public Wi-Fi networks are often unsecured, which means that the data exchanged on these networks can be intercepted by cybercriminals. This includes your passwords, banking information, or other sensitive data.
How to protect yourself on a public Wi-Fi network?
- Use a VPN: A VPN encrypts your connection, making it difficult for hackers to intercept your information.
- Avoid sensitive transactions: Do not make payments or check bank accounts over public Wi-Fi.
- Do not use open networks: Prefer networks secured with a password.
2. Man-in-the-Middle attack
A “Man-in-the-Middle” attack occurs when an attacker intercepts and manipulates communication between two parties, often on a public Wi-Fi network. This allows the attacker to spy on or even modify the information being exchanged.
How to protect yourself against a Man-in-the-Middle attack?
- Check the URL: When accessing a website, verify that the address starts with “https://” and that a padlock appears next to the URL in your browser.
- Use a VPN: VPN encryption prevents hackers from intercepting your information.
3. Risks related to file sharing
Public Wi-Fi makes it easy to share files between devices, but it also exposes your device to malware. By connecting to a public network, you may inadvertently allow hackers to access your device or spread malicious software.
How to avoid risks related to file sharing?
- Disable file sharing: Before connecting to a public network, disable file sharing options on your device.
- Use antivirus software: Install a good antivirus to detect and block malware before it infects your device.
4. Phishing via public Wi-Fi networks
Attackers can impersonate a legitimate public Wi-Fi network to steal your personal information. For example, they may create a network with a name similar to an existing public network and wait for you to connect so they can intercept your data.
How to protect yourself against phishing on a public Wi-Fi network?
- Always check the network name: Make sure the network name you connect to is the one of the place you are in (café, hotel, etc.).
- Do not connect automatically: Disable the option to automatically connect to public Wi-Fi networks on your device.
5. Vulnerability of outdated applications
Mobile devices and computers use applications that may have vulnerabilities. If these applications are not updated regularly, they become easy targets for hackers who can exploit their flaws, especially when used on public networks.
How to avoid risks related to outdated applications?
- Update your applications: Make sure all your applications are up to date with the latest security patches.
- Enable automatic updates: Configure your device to automatically download and install security updates as soon as they are available.
6. Spoofing attacks
Spoofing is a technique where an attacker forges their IP address or MAC address to hide their real identity. This can happen on a public Wi-Fi network, where a hacker may impersonate a legitimate server to collect confidential information.
How to protect yourself against spoofing?
- Use a VPN: A VPN encrypts all your data and makes it much more difficult to identify your real IP address.
- Use an HTTPS connection: Make sure all the sites you visit are secured with HTTPS, especially when transmitting sensitive data.
Conclusion
Using a public Wi-Fi network presents significant risks, but with the right precautions, you can protect your information and avoid becoming a victim. Using a VPN, checking URLs, regularly updating applications, and being cautious with fake networks are effective measures to secure your connections and browse safely.